不同康复训练对膝关节侧副韧带损伤后本体感觉恢复的作用研究     

Ma Lifang 《宁波大红鹰职业技术学院学报》2007,(3)

目的探讨膝关节内外侧副韧带扭伤后本体感觉恢复的康复训练方法。方法将膝关节侧副韧带扭伤者21例分为本体感觉强化组(11例)和对照组(10例),本体感觉强化组应用本体感觉强化训练,时照组应用一般康复训练方法;实验前后膝关节位置觉测定。结果在再成角测试中,实验前两组位置觉偏差基本一致,伤膝平均偏差(4.32±2.17)°、健膝(2.70±1.53)°,伤膝大于健膝(P<0.05);伤膝各角度之间平均偏差无明显差异(P>0.05)。实验后本体感觉强化组伤膝的平均偏差为(2.52±1.51)°,对照组为(3.01±1.51)°;两组之间平均偏差存在明显差异(P<0.01)。结论本体感觉强化的康复训练使膝关节功能恢复,损伤组织愈合,位置觉偏差正常。  相似文献   

基于网球训练中肘部韧带损伤机制的运动解剖学研究   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

黄祁平  肖建忠  蒋桂凤 《天津体育学院学报》2006,21(3):211-213

目的:为网球训练中认识和预防治疗急、慢性肘部疾患提供基础。方法:大体解剖分析肘关节周围的形态结构特点,观测按序切断桡侧相关结构、尺侧副韧带时分别表达的肘关节后外侧旋转度变化和外翻旋转角度变化。结果:(1)观察到尺侧副韧带前束由前部纤维和后部纤维组成,桡侧副韧带止于环状韧带和尺骨冠突的外下方;(2)检测到肘关节在屈曲30°～60°时,尺侧副韧带前束呈现内侧部较松弛而外侧部紧张,肘关节屈曲60°～145°后,前束内外侧紧张度无明显差异,后束在肘关节屈曲60°～145°后出现紧张;肘关节桡侧副韧带复合体对维持关节外侧的稳定作用约占50%,伸肌及伸肌腱膜起协同作用。结论:桡侧尺副韧带和尺侧副韧带前束是肘关节主要的稳定结构,副韧带的不同组成部分发挥着不同的作用,结构的改变将导致该部机能失衡,研究结果能为网球训练及网球肘的预防提供参考。  相似文献   

富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)促进犬脱位再植牙牙周膜性愈合     

王得利  林洋洋  西玉立  王海艳  林娜  徐颖  石屹 《宜春学院学报》2020,(3):68-70

目的:分析犬脱位再植牙牙周膜愈合当中富血小板纤维蛋白(PRF)的作用。方法:选择年龄在1-2年的成年杂种犬10只,性别不限,间隔选取实验牙,建立脱位模型,制备PRP和PRF,依照体外放置时间的长短把实验牙分为不同的小组,共计10个小组,以不添加任何移植物完成再植,对照组(第一组)犬牙为即刻再植,对比分析各个小组的牙周愈合结果。结果:第1、2小组的牙周膜结构正常,第3组和4组未发生炎性改变或吸收,差异无统计学意义。第4组和第7组牙周膜样结构的方向性明显,和第一组相比无差异。第9组和第10组的表面吸收情况差异不大,无统计学意义,主要是表面吸收和修复性的。结论:富血小板纤维蛋白对于脱位再植牙的牙周膜性愈合效果更明显,当脱位时间超过了2h之后,牙周膜性愈合即便使用PRF和PRP也很难愈合,实验结果提示应当选择合适的植牙时间。  相似文献   

中部1/3髌韧带切除后其修复过程中的细胞行为及组织学观察     

蔡冬青  陈启明  李嘉豪  邓美娟 《体育科学》1999,(1):66-69

在大白鼠体内模型中,对实验性切除中部1/3髌韧带后,剩余部分髌韧带早期修复过程中的细胞行为和组织学变化进行了研究。研究表明:髌韧带存在着内在修复能力,在本模型中伤口的修复是从伤口中部开始并向腹侧和背侧延伸。伤口的修复先是伤口周边的细胞移行进伤口,然后到达目的地的细胞开始分泌胶原蛋白,并形成新生的胶原纤维。纤维粘连蛋白在损伤修复的早期存在表达,可能是充当使参与修复的细胞从伤口的边缘移行到伤口中央的生物桥梁。伤口中的细胞和胶原纤维修复到接近组织学正常的时间约需6至9个月。  相似文献   

运动对生长发育期小鼠大脑皮质锥体细胞与脊髓前角细胞形态学的影响   总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4  

万丽丽  柴戬臣 《北京体育大学学报》1999,(1)

选用１８～２０日龄昆明种同源小鼠,经配对,随机分配于运动组和对照组。运动组练习８周后,同时处死两组小鼠,分别在大脑半球躯体运动区、脊髓腰骶膨大处取材。Ｎｉｓｓｌ法染色,光学显微镜观察。结果表明,运动组的大脑皮质运动区Ｖ层锥体细胞核仁大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）;脊髓前角细胞胞核、核仁也大于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。  相似文献   

运动对发育期小鼠脊髓前角细胞形态学的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

万丽丽  汪丽华 《广州体育学院学报》1999,(4)

选用 1 8～ 2 0日龄昆明种雄性同源小鼠 ,经配对 ,随机分配于运动组与对照组各 4只。按计划 ,运动组活动 8周后 ,同时处死两组小鼠。在脊髓腰骶膨大处取材 ,Niss/法染色 ,光学显微镜观察。结果表明 ,运动组前角细胞的胞核、核仁显著增大 (P <0 0 0 1 ) ;核质比增大 2 5 3 %。  相似文献   

Is it possible to voluntarily increase hamstring muscle activation during landing from a snow jump in alpine skiing? - a pilot study     

Sebastian Färber  Dieter Heinrich  Inge Werner 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(2):180-187

Activation of the hamstrings has been discussed as a measure for reducing strain on the ACL during jump landings in alpine skiing. The current study tested the hypothesis that hamstring and quadriceps activation can be voluntarily increased by the athlete. Specifically, two different instructions – to increase hamstring activation or to increase upper-leg co-contraction – were compared to normal landings. Eight members of the German national and junior national squad in freestyle skiing (age 19.6 ± 3.8 years; weight 66.1 ± 13.2 kg; height 172.2 ± 7.7 cm) performed 12 jump landings on a prepared run, 4 with no specific instruction, 4 with the instruction to generally activate the thigh muscles, and 4 with the instruction to specifically activate the hamstrings. Electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded on the biceps femoris (BF), semitendinosus (ST), vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus medialis (VM). EMG activation levels were integrated over three landing phases and analysed with a repeated measures ANOVA. The instruction produced a significant main effect in ST (p = .026), VM (p = .032) and RF (p = .001). Contrary to previous research, the current study suggests that hamstring muscle activation levels can be voluntarily increased during jump landing, particularly in co-activation with its antagonists.  相似文献   

Divided attention during cutting influences lower extremity mechanics in female athletes     

Thomas Gus Almonroeder  Thomas Kernozek  Stephen Cobb  Brooke Slavens  Jinsung Wang  Wendy Huddleston 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(3):264-276

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in basketball appear to be more common when players are in possession of the ball. The greater risk of ACL injury when in possession of the ball may result from the athlete’s inability to fully attend to their movement. However, it is also possible that having to carry/manipulate the ball restricts the athlete’s ability to utilise their upper extremities for stability during a manoeuvre. The purpose of this study was to explore how possession of a basketball and divided attention influence lower extremity mechanics during cutting and landing. Twenty uninjured females with basketball experience performed a baseline lateral cutting task, as well as lateral cuts while carrying a basketball, with and without a subsequent chest pass. Requiring participants to carry the basketball in isolation (i.e., without the additional pass) had minimal influence on lower extremity mechanics compared to baseline. However, participants demonstrated less knee flexion (40.9° vs. 47.3°) and greater knee abduction (12.2° vs. 10.1°) for trials that included the additional pass (divided attention condition) compared to trials conducted while carrying the basketball in isolation. Athletes may be at greater risk for ACL injury when they are unable to solely attend to their movement.  相似文献   

The relationship between leg preference and knee mechanics during sidestepping in collegiate female footballers     

Scott R. Brown  Henry Wang  D. Clark Dickin  Kaitlyn J. Weiss 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2014,13(4):351-361

This study examined the relationship between leg preference and knee mechanics in females during sidestepping. Three-dimensional data were recorded on 16 female collegiate footballers during a planned 45° sidestep manoeuvre with their preferred and non-preferred kicking leg. Knee kinematics and kinetics during initial contact, weight acceptance, peak push-off, and final push-off phases of sidestepping were analysed in both legs. The preferred leg showed trivial to small increases (ES = 0.19–0.36) in knee flexion angle at initial contact, weight acceptance, and peak push-off, and small increases (ES = 0.21–0.34) in peak power production and peak knee extension velocity. The non-preferred leg showed a trivial increase (ES = 0.10) in knee abduction angle during weight acceptance; small to moderate increases (ES = 0.22–0.64) in knee internal rotation angle at weight acceptance, peak push-off, and final push-off; a small increase (ES = 0.22) in knee abductor moment; and trivial increases (ES = 0.09–0.14) in peak power absorption and peak knee flexion velocity. The results of this study show that differences do exist between the preferred and non-preferred leg in females. The findings of this study will increase the knowledge base of anterior cruciate ligament injury in females and can aid in the design of more appropriate neuromuscular, plyometric, and strength training protocols for injury prevention.  相似文献   

烤瓷联冠固定重度牙周病下前牙的疗效分析     

徐小红  宋毅 《泰州职业技术学院学报》2013,(5):67-68,78

目的观察利用烤瓷联冠作为永久牙周夹板在固定重度牙周病的下前牙中的疗效。方法选择泰州I职业技术学院口腔门诊部2010年1月至2011年1月就诊的32例慢性牙周炎患者,在行根管及牙周基础治疗后用金属烤瓷联冠做永久牙周夹板行固定术。结果追踪观察2年,效果良好26例,有效6例,无失败。结论烤瓷联冠作永久夹板固定松动下前牙,固定效果可靠,美观舒适、不影响咀嚼发音功能、边缘密合、有良好的自洁作用,且不妨碍牙周治疗。  相似文献